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Nagorno-Karabakh
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The clash is the latest in a series of tumultuous battles over who can claim the disputed enclave, a question shaped in modern times by the rise and fall of the Soviet Union.Officially, the 1,700-square-mile territory is part of Azerbaijan and is known by its Russian name, which translates to âmountainous Karabakh.â But to Armenians and the Armenian-majority population of the region, itâs known as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, a de facto independent state that has been outside of Azeri rule since 1988.Nagorno-Karabakh’sborders have long beenin disputeSouth of the Caucasus Mountainsbetween Asia and Europe lies an arearife with historic disputes. But since1988, it has been controlled by Armenia, withoutside support from Russia; Turkey supportsAzerbaijan.GeorgiaAsiaEur.MaPAreaNagorno-KarabakhAzerbaijanArmeniaBakuAfricaYerevanNagorno-KarabakhAzer.TurkeyAzer.IranHow Azerbaijan sees itHow National Geographic maps itHow Armenia sees itAzerbaijanAzerbaijan1994 Cease-fire line1994 Cease-fire lineFormerSovietoblastboundary1994Cease-fire lineNagorno-KarabakhRepublic(Artsakh)ArmeniaArmeniaArmeniaAzerbaijanNagorno-KarabakhStepanakertNaxÃivanNaxÃivanNaxÃivanAzer.Azer.Azer.Area ofAzerbaijancontrolled byArmenianforces40 miIranIranIran40 kmAzerbaijan maintains their sovereign claim tothe entire area.Nagorno-Karabakh has had different boundariesin different eras, including an autonomous oblastwithin Azerbaijan while under Soviet rule. In 1923 Nagorno-Karabakh became an autonomous administrative region of the Azerbaijan S.S.R., even though 94 percent of its population at the time was ethnic Armenian.Though ethnic Armenians complained that Azerbaijan restricted their autonomy and claimed Azerbaijan discriminated against them, the Soviet Union was intolerant of ethnic nationalism and ignored a variety of protests against the status quo.As the Soviet Union disintegrated in the late 1980s, the long-dissatisfied ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh petitioned to become part of the Republic of Armenia.
As said here by Erin Blakemore