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Roman general in the Second Punic War


Carthaginian Iberia
BC
Cato the Elder
Fabia
Caecilius Metellus
sentence.[10
Hasdrubal
Mago
Baecula
Indibilis
Ilipa
Numidia
Syphax
Sucro
Senate
The Roman Senate
the Roman Senate
Dodge
Scipio
Saguntum
Liternum
Aemilia Tertia
the Metellus Scipio
Aemilia Paulla
Archaeology
Scipios
Polybius
Great.[25
Renaissance
commander."[29
Cato Uticensis
Cicero
De Republica
Silius Italicus' Punica
Dante's Divine Comedy
XXVII
Carthago Nova
Knight
the British Grenadier Guards
l'Africano
Woody Strode
BBC
Colosseum
Kingdoms


Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Mago Barca
Cornelia
Livy
Polybius
Cornelii
Claudia
Valeria
Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus
Publius Cornelius Scipio
Pomponia
Manius Pomponius Matho
Scipio
Lucius Aemilius Paullus
Appius Claudius Pulcher
Marcus Cornelius
Publius Scipio
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
Hasdrubal Barca
Carthaginian
Celtiberian
Allucius
Gaius Laelius
Roman
Gaius Claudius Nero
Mandonius
Hispalis
Seville
Numidian
Syphax
Massinissa
Sophonisba
Gades
men.[13
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Quintus Fabius Maximus
Hellenophile
Numidian Syphax
Theodore Ayrault Dodge
Masinissa
Prince Masinissa's
Hannibal Barca
Punic Faith
Cato
Antiochus III
Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus
Marcus Porcius Cato the Elder
Scipiones
Gracchus
Augustus
Ingrata
quidem
Titus Quinctius Flamininus
Aemilia Paulla
Lucius Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus
Roman women,[citation
Julius Caesar
Lucius Aemilius Paullus'
Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus
Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
Tiberius Gracchus
Gaius Gracchus
Gracchi
Scipio Aemilianus Africanus
Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio
Scipio Africanus's
Pontifex Maximus
Scipio Nasica's
Caecilii Metelli
Pompey
Metellus Scipio
Scipio Aemilianus—
Lucius Scipio
Ennius
Plutarch
Cassius Dio
Valerius Maximus
Alexander the Great
Constantine
Publius Aemilianus Scipio
Ephesus
Pyrrhus
Metellus Scipio
Gaius Marius
Sulla
Fulvia
Publius Clodius
Gaius Curio
Mark Antony
De Amicitia
Aeneas
Lucretius
De rerum
Cantos VI
Petrarch
Virtue
Andrea Mantegna
Nicolas Poussin
Machiavelli
Milton
Raphael
George Frideric Handel
Leonardo Vinci
Carlo Francesco Pollarolo
Benito Mussolini
Scipione l'africano
Carmine Gallone
Luigi Magni
Marcello Mastroianni
Vittorio Gassman
Silvana Mangano
Cleopatras
Geoffrey Whitehead
Shaun Dingwall
Gates


Latin
Roman
Romans
Carthaginians
Hispanian
Sicilian
Italian
African
Sicilians
Delayer
Numidians
Italians
Republican
Greek
Appian
Iberian
Aeneid
British


Ebro
Africa
Alps
Hispania
Punic
Roman Cannae
Magnesia
Asia
Gracchi
the Marsic or Social War
Jupiter


Alcalá del Río
Capitol
the Tomb of the Scipios
Temple


Hannibal
Zama
Tunisia
Spain
Carthage
Scipio
Rome
Liternum
Manlia
Aemilia
Roman Republic
Salii
Hispania
Carthago Nova
New Carthage
Gisco
Italy
Gisgo
Africa
Sicily
Cannae
Utica
BC
Syria
Bithynia
Gracchi
Sempronia
Pergamum
Graecophile
Iberia
Ethiopia


the Second Punic War
the Battle of Zama (
the Battle of Ilipa (
–Seleucid War
the Battle of Ticinus
the Battle of Cannae
the Battle of the Upper Baetis
the Battle of the Metaurus
the Battle of Cannae)
the Battle of Cannae.
the First Punic War
the Battle of Thapsus
the Mussolini Cup
the 1937 Venice Film Festival
Haemimont Games
Imperivm III
The Great Battles of Rome
Total War: Rome II

Positivity     34.00%   
   Negativity   66.00%
The New York Times
SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scipio_Africanus
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Summary

Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (/ˈskɪpioʊ/, /ˈsɪ-/, Latin: [ˈskiːpioː]; 236/235–183 BC) was a Roman general and later consul who is often regarded as one of the best military commanders and strategists of all time. Scipio's conquest of Carthaginian Iberia culminated in the Battle of Ilipa (near Alcalá del Río, Spain) in 206 BC against Hannibal's brother Mago Barca. In 187 BC, he was tried in a show trial alongside his brother for bribes they supposedly received from King Antiochos III during the Roman–Seleucid War. Disillusioned by the ingratitude of his peers, Scipio left Rome and retired from public life at his villa in Liternum. Scipio joined the Roman struggle against Carthage in the first year of the Second Punic War when his father was consul. In 211 BC, both Scipio's father, Publius Scipio, and uncle, Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus, were killed at the Battle of the Upper Baetis in Spain against Hannibal's brother, Hasdrubal Barca. At the election of a new proconsul for the command of the new army which the Romans resolved to send to Hispania, Scipio was the only man brave enough to ask for this position, no other candidates wanting the responsibility, considering it a death sentence.[10] In spite of his youth (25 years), his noble demeanour and enthusiastic language had made so great an impression that he was unanimously elected. Despite a Roman victory, Scipio was unable to hinder the Carthaginian march to Italy. Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal had meanwhile marched for Italy, and in 206 BC Scipio himself, having secured the Roman occupation of Hispania by the capture of Gades, gave up his command and returned to Rome. Scipio realized that the Carthaginian forces—especially the superior Numidian cavalry—would prove decisive against the largely infantry forces of the Roman legions. The Roman Senate sent a commission of inquiry to Sicily and found Scipio at the head of a well-equipped and trained fleet and army. At the same time, Hannibal Barca and his army were recalled to Carthage, and despite the moderate terms offered to Carthage by Scipio, Carthage suddenly suspended negotiations and again prepared for war. Hannibal could boast a strength of around forty thousand: 36,000 infantry and 4,000 cavalry, compared to Scipio's 29,000 infantry and 6,100 cavalry.[17] The two generals met on a plain between Carthage and Utica on October 19, 202 BC, at the final Battle of Zama. Scipio's army then marched towards Hannibal's veterans, who had not yet taken part in the battle. In 190 BC, when the Romans declared war against Antiochus III, Publius offered to join his brother Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus if the Senate entrusted the chief command to him. Despite the popular support that Scipio commanded, there were renewed attempts to bring him to trial, but these appear to have been deflected by his future son-in-law, Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus.[20] It is supposedly in gratitude for this act that Scipio betrothed his youngest daughter Cornelia (then aged about 5) to Gracchus, several decades her senior (however, no contemporaneous references to this event exist; what is known is that Gracchus did marry Cornelia, aged about 18, in 172 BC). Scipio Africanus's eldest grandson Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio became consul in 138, murdered his own cousin Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (163–132 BC) in 132. Livy says in his History of Rome that statues of Scipio Africanus, Lucius Scipio and the Roman poet Ennius (a friend of the family) were present at the Tomb of the Scipios when he visited it. Cato, as a loyalist of Fabius Maximus, had been sent out as quaestor to Scipio in Sicily circa 204 BC to investigate charges of military indiscipline, corruption, and other offence against Scipio; none of those charges was found true by the tribunes of the plebs accompanying Cato (it may or may not be significant that years later, as censor, Cato degraded Scipio's brother Scipio Asiaticus from the Senate. The Roman historian Valerius Maximus, writing in the first century AD, alleged that Scipio Africanus had a weakness for beautiful women, and knowing this, some of his soldiers presented him with a beautiful young woman captured in New Carthage. Livy reports that, as a Roman commissioner to Ephesus following the defeat of Antiochus III, on meeting the exiled Hannibal, Scipio took the opportunity to ask Hannibal's opinion of the "greatest commander," to which Hannibal named Alexander the Great as the first and Pyrrhus as the second. Metellus Scipio, a descendant of Scipio, commanded legions against Julius Caesar in Africa until his defeat at the Battle of Thapsus in 49 BC. After the fall of the Gracchi, the house of Caecilius became more prominent; however, the Scipiones maintained their aristocratic lustre, providing the consular general who unsuccessfully prevented Sulla's second march on Rome and Metellus Scipio whose daughter was the last wife of Pompey the Great, and who took over command in the civil war against Julius Caesar after the death of Pompey. At a later date, some Roman emperors claimed descent from Scipio Africanus.

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